webalizer帮助文件
NAME
webalizer - A web server log file analysis tool.
SYNOPSIS
webalizer [ option ... ] [ log-file ]
webazolver [ option ... ] [ log-file ]
DESCRIPTION
The Webalizer is a web server log file analysis program which produces
usage statistics in HTML format for viewing with a browser. The
results are presented in both columnar and graphical format, which
facilitates interpretation. Yearly, monthly, daily and hourly usage
statistics are presented, along with the ability to display usage by
site, URL, referrer, user agent (browser), username, search strings,
entry/exit pages, and country (some information may not be available
if not present in the log file being processed).
The Webalizer supports CLF (common log format) log files, as well as
Combined log formats as defined by NCSA and others, and variations of
these which it attempts to handle intelligently. In addition, the
Webalizer also supports wu-ftpd xferlog formatted log files, allowing
analysis of ftp servers, and squid proxy logs. Logs may also be com-
pressed, via gzip. If a compressed log file is detected, it will be
automatically uncompressed while it is read. Compressed logs must
have the standard gzip extension of .gz.
webazolver is normally just a symbolic link to the webalizer. When
run as webazolver, only DNS file creation/updates are performed, and
the program will exit once complete. All normal options and configu-
ration directives are available, however many will not be used. In
addition, a DNS cache file must be specified. If the number of DNS
children processes to use are not specified, the webazolver will
default to 5.
This documentation applies to The Webalizer Version 2.01
RUNNING THE WEBALIZER
The Webalizer was designed to be run from a Unix command line prompt
or as a crond(8) job. Once executed, the general flow of the program
is:
o A default configuration file is scanned for. A file named
webalizer.conf is searched for in the current directory, and
if found, it’s configuration data is parsed. If the file is
not present in the current directory, the file /etc/webal-
izer.conf is searched for and, if found, is used instead.
o Any command line arguments given to the program are parsed.
This may include the specification of a configuration file,
which is processed at the time it is encountered.
o If a log file was specified, it is opened and made ready for
processing. If no log file was given, STDIN is used for
input. If the log filename ’-’ is specified, STDIN will be
forced.
o If an output directory was specified, the program does a
chdir(2) to that directory in prepration for generating out-
put. If no output directory was given, the current directory
is used.
o If a non-zero number of DNS Children processes were specified,
they will be started, and the specified log file will be pro-
cessed, creating or updating the specified DNS cache file.
o If no hostname was given, the program attempts to get the
hostname using a uname(2) system call. If that fails, local-
host is used.
o A history file is searched for in the current directory (out-
put directory) and read if found. This file keeps totals for
previous months, which is used in the main index.html HTML
document. Note: The file location can now be specified with
the HistoryName configuration option.
o If incremental processing was specified, a data file is
searched for and loaded if found, containing the ’internal
state’ data of the program at the end of a previous run.
Note: The file location can now be specified with the Incre-
mentalName configuration option.
o Main processing begins on the log file. If the log spans mul-
tiple months, a seperate HTML document is created for each
month.
o After main processing, the main index.html page is created,
which has totals by month and links to each months HTML docu-
ment.
o A new history file is saved to disk, which includes totals
generated by The Webalizer during the current run.
o If incremental processing was specified, a data file is writ-
ten that contains the ’internal state’ data at the end of this
run.
INCREMENTAL PROCESSING
Version 1.2x of The Webalizer adds incremental run capability. Simply
put, this allows processing large log files by breaking them up into
smaller pieces, and processing these pieces instead. What this means
in real terms is that you can now rotate your log files as often as
you want, and still be able to produce monthly usage statistics with-
out the loss of any detail. Basically, The Webalizer saves and
restores all internal data in a file named webalizer.current. This
allows the program to ’start where it left off’ so to speak, and
allows the preservation of detail from one run to the next. The data
file is placed in the current output directory, and is a plain ascii
text file that can be viewed with any standard text editor. It’s
location and name may be changed using the IncrementalName configura-
tion keyword.
Some special precautions need to be taken when using the incremental
run capability of The Webalizer. Configuration options should not be
changed between runs, as that could cause corruption of the internal
data stored. For example, changing the MangleAgents level will cause
different representations of user agents to be stored, producing
invalid results in the user agents section of the report. If you need
to change configuration options, do it at the end of the month after
normal processing of the previous month and before processing the cur-
rent month. You may also want to delete the webalizer.current file as
well.
The Webalizer also attempts to prevent data duplication by keeping
track of the timestamp of the last record processed. This timestamp
is then compared to current records being processed, and any records
that were logged previous to that timestamp are ignored. This, in
theory, should allow you to re-process logs that have already been
processed, or process logs that contain a mix of processed/not yet
processed records, and not produce duplication of statistics. The
only time this may break is if you have duplicate timestamps in two
seperate log files... any records in the second log file that do have
the same timestamp as the last record in the previous log file pro-
cessed, will be discarded as if they had already been processed.
There are lots of ways to prevent this however, for example, stopping
the web server before rotating logs will prevent this situation. This
setup also necessitates that you always process logs in chronological
order, otherwise data loss will occur as a result of the timestamp
compare.
REVERSE DNS LOOKUPS
The Webalizer supports reverse DNS lookups through a DNS cache file
that is either created/updated at run-time, or has been previously
created, either by a previous run of the webalizer, or by running the
stand-alone version, webazolver. In order to perform reverse DNS
lookups, a DNSCache filename must be specified. In order to cre-
ate/update the cache file at run-time, the DNSChildren number must be
non-zero. The DNSChildren value specifies the number of children pro-
cesses to fork, each of which will perform reverse DNS lookups in
order to create/update the DNS cache file. See the file DNS.README
for additional information.
COMMAND LINE OPTIONS
The Webalizer supports many different configuration options that will
alter the way the program behaves and generates output. Most of these
can be specified on the command line, while some can only be specified
in a configuration file. The command line options are listed below,
with references to the corresponding configuration file keywords.
General Options
-h Display all available command line options and exit program.
-v -V Display program version and exit program.
-d Debug. Display debugging information for errors and warnings.
-i IgnoreHist. Ignore history. USE WITH CAUTION. This will
cause The Webalizer to ignore any previous monthly history
file only. Incremental data (if present) is still processed.
-p Incremental. Preserve internal data between runs.
-q Quiet. Supress informational messages. Does not supress
warnings or errors.
-Q ReallyQuiet. Supress all messages including warnings and
errors.
-T TimeMe. Force display of timing information at end of pro-
cessing.
-c file Use configuration file file.
-n name HostName. Use the hostname name.
-o dir OutputDir. Use output directory dir.
-t name ReportTitle. Use name for report title.
-F ( clf | ftp | squid )
LogType. Specify log type to be processed. Value can be
either clf, ftp or squid format. If not specified, will
default to CLF format. FTP logs must be in standard wu-ftpd
xferlog format.
-f FoldSeqErr. Fold out of sequence log records back into analy-
sis, by treating as if they were the same date/time as the
last good record. Normally, out of sequence log records are
simply ignored.
-Y CountryGraph. Supress country graph.
-G HourlyGraph. Supress hourly graph.
-x name HTMLExtension. Defines HTML file extension to use. If not
specified, defaults to html. Do not include the leading
period.
-H HourlyStats. Supress hourly statistics.
-L GraphLegend. Supress color coded graph legends.
-l num GraphLines. Specify number of background lines. Default is 2.
Use zero (’0’) to disable the lines.
-P name PageType. Specify file extensions that are considered pages.
Sometimes referred to as pageviews.
-m num VisitTimeout. Specify the Visit timeout period. Specified in
number of seconds. Default is 1800 seconds (30 minutes).
-I name IndexAlias. Use the filename name as an additional alias for
index..
-M num MangleAgents. Mangle user agent names according to the mangle
level specified by num. Mangle levels are:
5 Browser name and major version.
4 Browser name, major and minor version.
3 Browser name, major version, minor version to two decimal
places.
2 Browser name, major and minor versions and sub-version.
1 Browser name, version and machine type if possible.
0 All informaiton (left unchanged).
-g num GroupDomains. Automatically group sites by domain. The group-
ing level specified by num can be thought of as ’the number of
dots’ to display in the grouping. The default value of 0 dis-
ables any domain grouping.
-D name DNSCache. Use the DNS cache file name.
-N num DNSChildren. Use num DNS children processes to perform DNS
lookups, either creating or updateing the DNS cache file.
Specify zero (0) to disable cache file creation/updates. If
given, a DNS cache filename must be specified.
Hide Options
-a name HideAgent. Hide user agents matching name.
-r name HideReferrer. Hide referrer matching name.
-s name HideSite. Hide site matching name.
-X name HideAllSites. Hide all individual sites (only display
groups).
-u name HideURL. Hide URL matching name.
Table size options
-A num TopAgents. Display the top num user agents table.
-R num TopReferrers. Display the top num referrers table.
-S num TopSites. Display the top num sites table.
-U num TopURLs. Display the top num URL’s table.
-C num TopCountries. Display the top num countries table.
-e num TopEntry. Display the top num entry pages table.
-E num TopExit. Display the top num exit pages table.
CONFIGURATION FILES
Configuration files are standard ascii(7) text files that may be cre-
ated or edited using any standard editor. Blank lines and lines that
begin with a pound sign (’#’) are ignored. Any other lines are con-
sidered to be configurgation lines, and have the form "Keyword Value",
where the ´Keyword´ is one of the currently available configuration
keywords defined below, and ’Value’ is the value to assign to that
particular option. Any text found after the keyword up to the end of
the line is considered the keyword’s value, so you should not include
anything after the actual value on the line that is not actually part
of the value being assigned. The file sample.conf provided with the
distribution contains lots of useful documentation and examples as
well.
General Configuration Keywords
LogFile name
Use log file named name. If none specified, STDIN will be
used.
LogType name
Specify log file type as name. Values can be either web, squid
or ftp, with the default being web.
OutputDir dir
Create output in the directory dir. If none specified, the
current directory will be used.
HistoryName name
Filename to use for history file. Relative to output direc-
tory unless absolute name is given (ie: starts with ’/’).
Defaults to ´webalizer.hist’ in the standard output directory.
ReportTitle name
Use the title string name for the report title. If none spec-
ified, use the default of (in english) "Usage Statistics for
".
Hostname name
Set the hostname for the report as name. If none specified,
an attempt will be made to gather the hostname via a uname(2)
system call. If that fails, localhost will be used.
UseHTTPS ( yes | no )
Use https:// on links to URLS, instead of the default http://,
in the ’Top URL’s’ table.
Quiet ( yes | no )
Supress informational messages. Warning and Error messages
will not be supressed.
ReallyQuiet ( yes | no )
Supress all messages, including Warning and Error messages.
Debug ( yes | no )
Print extra debugging information on Warnings and Errors.
TimeMe ( yes | no )
Force timing information at end of processing.
GMTTime ( yes | no )
Use GMT (UTC) time instead of local timezone for reports.
IgnoreHist ( yes | no )
Ignore previous monthly history file. USE WITH CAUTION. Does
not prevent Incremental file processing.
FoldSeqErr ( yes | no )
Fold out of sequence log records back into analysis by treat-
ing them as if they had the same date/time as the last good
record. Normally, out of sequence log records are ignored.
CountryGraph ( yes | no )
Display Country Usage Graph in output report.
DailyGraph ( yes | no )
Display Daily Graph in output report.
DailyStats ( yes | no )
Display Daily Statistics in output report.
HourlyGraph ( yes | no )
Display Hourly Graph in output report.
HourlyStats ( yes | no )
Display Hourly Statistics in output report.
PageType name
Define the file extensions to consider as a page. If a file
is found to have the same extension as name, it will be
counted as a page (sometimes called a pageview).
GraphLegend ( yes | no )
Allows the color coded graph legends to be enabled/disabled.
GraphLines num
Specify the number of background reference lines displayed on
the graphs produced. Disable by using zero (’0’), default is
2.
VisitTimeout num
Specifies the visit timeout value. Default is 1800 seconds
(30 minutes). A visit is determined by looking at the differ-
ence in time between the current and last request from a spe-
cific site. If the difference is greater or equal to the
timeout value, the request is counted as a new visit. Speci-
fied in seconds.
IndexAlias name
Use name as an additional alias for index.*.
MangleAgents num
Mangle user agent names based on mangle level num. See the -M
command line switch for mangle levels and their meaning. The
default is 0, which doesn’t mangle user agents at all.
SearchEngine name variable
Allows the specification of search engines and their query
strings. The name is the name to match against the referrer
string for a given search engine. The variable is the cgi
variable that the search engine uses for queries. See the
sample.conf file for example usage with common search engines.
Incremental ( yes | no )
Enable Incremental mode processing.
IncrementalName name
Filename to use for incremental data. Relative to output
directory unless an absolute name is given (ie: starts with
’/’). Defaults to ´webalizer.current’ in the standard output
directory.
DNSCache name
Filename to use for the DNS cache. Relative to output direc-
tory unless an absolute name is given (ie: starts with ’/’).
DNSChildren num
Number of children DNS processes to run in order to cre-
ate/update the DNS cache file. Specify zero (0) to disable.
Top Table Keywords
TopAgents num
Display the top num User Agents table. Use zero to disable.
AllAgents ( yes | no )
Create seperate HTML page with All User Agents.
TopReferrers num
Display the top num Referrers table. Use zero to disable.
AllReferrers ( yes | no )
Create seperate HTML page with All Referrers.
TopSites num
Display the top num Sites table. Use zero to disable.
TopKSites num
Display the top num Sites (by KByte) table. Use zero to dis-
able.
AllSites ( yes | no )
Create seperate HTML page with All Sites.
TopURLs num
Display the top num URLs table. Use zero to disable.
TopKURLs num
Display the top num URLs (by KByte) table. Use zero to dis-
able.
AllURLs ( yes | no )
Create seperate HTML page with All URLs.
TopCountries num
Display the top num Countries in the table. Use zero to dis-
able.
TopEntry num
Display the top num Entry Pages in the table. Use zero to
disable.
TopExit num
Display the top num Exit Pages in the table. Use zero to dis-
able.
TopSearch num
Display the top num Search Strings in the table. Use zero to
disable.
AllSearchStr ( yes | no )
Create seperate HTML page with All Search Strings.
TopUsers num
Display the top num Usernames in the table. Use zero to dis-
able. Usernames are only available if using http based
authentication.
AllUsers ( yes | no )
Create seperate HTML page with All Usernames.
Hide/Ignore/Group/Include Keywords
HideAgent name
Hide User Agents that match name.
HideReferrer name
Hide Referrers that match name.
HideSite name
Hide Sites that match name.
HideAllSites ( yes | no )
Hide all individual sites. This causes only grouped sites to
be displayed.
HideURL name
Hide URL’s that match name.
HideUser name
Hide Usernames that match name.
IgnoreAgent name
Ignore User Agents that match name.
IgnoreReferrer name
Ignore Referrers that match name.
IgnoreSite name
Ignore Sites that match name.
IgnoreURL name
Ignore URL’s that match name.
IgnoreUser name
Ignore Usernames that match name.
GroupAgent name [Label]
Group User Agents that match name. Display Label in ’Top
Agent’ table if given (instead of name).
GroupReferrer name [Label]
Group Referrers that match name. Display Label in ’Top Refer-
rer’ table if given (instead of name).
GroupSite name [Label]
Group Sites that match name. Display Label in ’Top Site’ ta-
ble if given (instead of name).
GroupDomains num
Automatically group sites by domain. The value num specifies
the level of grouping, and can be thought of as the ’number of
dots’ to be displayed. The default value of 0 disables domain
grouping.
GroupURL name [Label]
Group URL’s that match name. Display Label in ’Top URL’ table
if given (instead of name).
GroupUser name [Label]
Group Usernames that match name. Display Label in ’Top User-
names’ table if given (instead of name).
IncludeSite name
Force inclusion of sites that match name. Takes precedence
over Ignore# keywords.
IncludeURL name
Force inclusion of URL’s that match name. Takes precedence
over Ignore# keywords.
IncludeReferrer name
Force inclusion of Referrers that match name. Takes prece-
dence over Ignore# keywords.
IncludeAgent name
Force inclusion of User Agents that match name. Takes prece-
dence over Ignore* keywords.
IncludeUser name
Force inclusion of Usernames that match name. Takes prece-
dence over Ignore* keywords.
HTML Generation Keywords
HTMLExtension text
Defines the HTML file extension to use. Default is html. Do
not include the leading period!
HTMLPre text
Insert text at the very beginning of the generated HTML file.
Defaults to a standard html 3.2 DOCTYPE record.
HTMLHead text
Insert text within the <HEAD></HEAD> block of the HTML file.
HTMLBody text
Insert text in HTML page, starting with the <BODY> tag. If
used, the first line must be a <BODY ...> tag. Multiple lines
may be specified.
HTMLPost text
Insert text at top (before horiz. rule) of HTML pages. Multi-
ple lines may be specified.
HTMLTail text
Insert text at bottom of the HTML page. The text is top and
right aligned within a table column at the end of the report.
HTMLEnd text
Insert text at the very end of the HTML page. If not speci-
fied, the default is to insert the ending </BODY> and </HTML>
tags. If used, you must supply these tags yourself.
Dump Object Keywords
The Webalizer allows you to export processed data to other programs by
using tab delimited text files. The Dump* commands specify which
files are to be written, and where.
DumpPath name
Save dump files in directory name. If not specified, the
default output directory will be used. Do not specify a
trailing slash (/fP).
DumpExtension name
Use name as the filename extension for dump files. If not
given, the default of tab will be used.
DumpHeader ( yes | no )
Print a column header as the first record of the file.
DumpSites ( yes | no )
Dump the sites data to a tab delimited file.
DumpURLs ( yes | no )
Dump the url data to a tab delimited file.
DumpReferrers ( yes | no )
Dump the referrer data to a tab delimitd file. This data is
only available if using a log that contains referrer informa-
tion (ie: a combined format web log).
DumpAgents ( yes | no )
Dump the user agent data to a tab delimited file. This data
is only available if using a log that contains user agent
information (ie: a combined format web log).
DumpUsers ( yes | no )
Dump the username data to a tab delimited file. This data is
only available if processing a wu-ftpd xferlog or a web log
that contains http authentication information.
DumpSearchStr ( yes | no )
Dump the search string data to a tab delimited file. This
data is only available if processing a web log that contains
referrer information and had search string information
present.
FILES
webalizer.conf Default configuration file. Is searched for in
the current directory and if not found, in the
/etc/ directory.
webalizer.hist Monthly history file for previous 12 months. (can
be changed)
webalizer.current Current state data file (Incremental processing).
(can be changed)
xxxxx_YYYYMM.html Various monthly HTML output files produced.
(extension can be changed)
xxxxx_YYYYMM.png Various monthly image files used in the reports.
xxxxx_YYYYMM.tab Monthly tab delimited text files. (extension can
be changed)
Version 2.01
[[i] 本帖最后由 firehack 于 2007-4-22 07:42 编辑 [/i]]
